Rock crusher



Aug. 24 1926. 1,597,207

A. MOLANDER ROCK CR-USHER Y MC ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 24, 1926.

ALFRED MOLANDER, F ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

ROCK CRSHER.

Application filed December l0; `1924. Serial No. 754,937.

My invention relates to roclr crushers and the object is to provide a simple and eflicient roclncrusher of such construction and design that it reduces largeroclr to small pieces of uniform size and produces the latter in a comparatively .short time.

, ln the accompanying drawings :.w

Fig. 1 is a vertical, central elevation of a rock crushing machine embodying my improvements.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal section on line 2-2 in Fig. 1, slightly modified and the cone or breaker-head set at a differ-ent angle.

Fig. 3 is an .approximately central vertical section of the part of Fig. 1 between lines a and l) in reduced scale, and .a modified form of breaker head, and minor details omitted. j

Fig. l is a topview of Fig. 3 with the breaker head in changed position.

Referring to the drawings by reference numerals, 5 designates a feed hopper secured with bolts `e to the top of the crusher body 7 the lower end of said body flanged externally as 8 for `securing' it with bolts 9 to the correspondingly flanged upper end of a bellshaped outlet chamber 10. All said parts the feed hopper, the body 7 and the chamber 10'are`of circular conformation horizontally and aligned concentrically on a vertical line designated as A. The feed hopper has an integral elevated bearing part 11 for housing the upper end of a vertical breaker-head .shaft 12, the lower end of the said shaft .as at 12 being rotatable in a vertical bearing 13 fixed to the bottom of chamber 10. n

The lower end 12FL of shaft 12 is rotatable on the center line A andfon said part 12 is slidably fixed a bevel gear 14C abevel tatcd by .any suitable driving means (not shown). Shaft -12 is offset preferably just abovel gear 14, as at 12b in Fig. 1, shifting its center as to line B. From its eccentric the'true centerof the shaft (line B) is straight` but :inclined inwardly Vuntil line driven by B converges with the true vertical center line il, as at C, near or within the bearing 11.

Thus the shaft 127 .above the part 12, will gyrate about the true center A the greatest gyration being at the offset and `gradually diminishing to point C. That p t of shaft 12 above point C will g'yrate some and .this

pinion 15011 a shaft lwhich is ro.

part has .a flanged bushing 17 the downwardly exposed flangaface 17 of which is preferably rounded or concaved concentric with. center C and bears on a corresponding bearing surface on the upper end of a fixed bushing 18 in bearing 1l.

The upper end of shaft 12 protrudes above bushing 17 and is threaded for engagement by a nut 19 which is lreyed to the shaft by removable keys 2O which serve to hold the nut in non-rotating relation to the sha-ft 12.

21 is a downwardly tapering hopper suitablv secured in the body member 7 and may also be held securely between hopp-er 5 and the chamber 10, and its downwardly tapering bore is concentric on the line A. he roch crushing taires place entirely within this hopper and the open lower end of the latter registerswith the open upper end of chamber 10. Said chamber 10 has an angular discharge apron 22 on which the crushed rocks roll out of the machine through an opening 23 (see Fig.V 1).

The general construction of a rock crusher above described,` not including the shaft, is mostly old in the art but necessarily described herein for a thorough understandmg of my improved rock crushing means.

The main shaft 12 of my device is adjustable vertically being slidably keyed or splined with gear 14 as at 24C and said gear has ajfianged hub end 14a engaged by a flanged member 25 secured at 26 to the bottom 13 to hold gear 14 in place vertically. The shaft is adjusted vertically by manipu# lation of nut 19 and keys 20 at its upper threaded end 12C. The middle part of shaft 12 is splined7 as 12S, for retaining the splined bore of a crusher head section 27 of special form. The complete crusher head comprises two parts 27 and 28, of which 28 is a continuation upwardly of part 27 and is actually a stationary collar in which shaft 12 rotates and is suspended from head 11 by vertically adjustable threaded rods 29 engaging in threaded holes 30 in sai-d head. The top end of the collar 28 is rotatably engaged by a collar 31 threaded on shaft 12 (sec Fig. 1). ,Friction between collar 31 and member 28 tending to rotate the latter is neutralized by liberal lubrication by any suitable means (not shown). Thus when the shaft 12 is adjusted vertically the threaded rods 29 must be adjusted accordingly and the weight of llO the shaft and the Crusher head is rotatably supported on the member 28, at least partly by the collar 31. The threaded rods 29 may be protected by any suitable guards (not shown) to prevent damage to them .by rocks fed into the Crusher.

The entire crusher head is of a length about the same as the depth of the hopper 21. The two sections 27-2S form a continuous upwardly tapering or conical crusher head the lower endV of member 27 terminating` in an approximately circular but angular cutting edge 27 a at the largest diameter. Below this cutting edge the head 27 is reduced to a hub 27b leaving a space 32 through which the crushed rock drops freely onto the discharge apron 22. The angular cutting edge allows rocks between the hopper and the Crusher-head to settle down between their oppositely sloping faces, and those rocks not cutrby the rotating movement of the highest part of the cutting` edge 2'7"L will roll down further into the tapering, circular pocket and become cut by some part of the cutting edge. In other words the effective space in which rock crushing takes place is between the highest and lowest points of the cutting edge and the horizontally registering stationary surface of the hopper. The result is that all rocks in said area are either crushed by the gyrating movement of the head itself or cut by the angular, revolving cutting edge, will be reduced to a desired size much more rapidly and efficiently than if the Crusher head were cut off horizontally at its bottom and had no gyiating movement. lVith the last mentioned type of crusher head the rocks simply gravitate toward the bottom and must be broken and cut practically entirely on a single horizontal plane which Y produces choking and unnecessary wear and tear in a small area. Y

It is evident that the greatest gyration of the ci'usher head is at its largest diameter, at

the cutting edge. Said head may be securedV Von the splined shaft at various angles. For

example in Fig. 2 the highest point of the cutting' edge 27 a is at 27V or 80 degrees from a line drawn straight through the true center A and offset center B of shaft 12. Thus the gyration or throw of the cutting edge and the consequent crushing, rotary movement of the Crusher 27 may be varied. r`Various sizes of finished product are produced by simply elevating or lowering shaft 12 thereby increasing or decreasing the opening between the head and the adjacent hopper wall surface.

Y In the modification Figs. 3 and l the Crusher head is designated as 271J and is mounted in the same manner as head 27 but shaped differently in that it slopes down -to a horizontal maximum circular configuration at 35 and thence straight down cylindrically in the form of downwardly tapering,

circularly spaced ngers 36 with angular faces forming a gap 37 between each pair of fingers. ln this form of crusher head the edges of the gaps 37 are cutting edges for cutting material which gravitates below line 35 and the gaps 37 act as discharge fines for rapid discharge of crushed material of such nature that it can be crushed at a comparatively high rate of speed.

In Fig. 2 the splines of shaft 12 engage the splines of a bushing 38 which is cast in the head 27. Said bushing 38 is of any suitable material that can be readily machined and is simply a convenience in manufacture since the material of whichh'ead 27 is made is usually too hard for machining.

The operation of my improved rock ci'usher has been fully disclosed but it might be added that production of a certain quantity of uniformly sized crushed rocks with my improved crusher is possible in less time than l have found possible with Crusher heads of other shapes. There is no loss of power resulting from rocks being wedged as it is obvious that all rock in my device d that is in the path of the rotating and gyi'ating cutting edge will be reduced in size and cut down to the desired size and dropped through during each revolution of the Crusher head.

What l claim'is: Y Y

1. A rock crusher comprising a feed hopper, a roch crushing chamber and an outlet chamber in vertical alignment, a rotatable vertically adjustable shaft arranged cen- 1 trally of said crusher, said rock crushing chamber comprising a downwardly tapering chamber with both ends open,` a crusher head removably secured on said shaft within the rock crushing chamber andv comprising an upper and a lower section, a collar on the shaft contacting with the upper side of the upper crusher head: section, said latter sec-V tion being suspended in vertically adjustable non-rotatable position, means for rotating the shaft and means at the upper end of the shaft foradju-sting it vertically.

2. The structure specied in claim 1, in which said crushing member sections comprise jointly a cone-like Crusher of which the lower section isV removably fixed on the shaft on splines, saidlower section comprising the main rock-crushing member, the

lower end face ofsaid main member inclined Y and the perimetral sloping edge thereof in spaced relation to the lower inside wall surface of the hopper. y

8. The structure-specified in claiml, in which the lower end of said shaft is rotatable in a bearing on the vertical center of the crushing chamber, an Yoffset in the shaft above said bearing, a bearing for the upper end of the shaft located centrally above the crushing chamber, and the shaft center inclined fromsaid offset to a point of `convergcnce with the vertical center of the crushing chamber at or near said upper bearing. l

4L. The structure specified in claim l, in which the lower Vend of said shaft is rotatable in a bearing on the vertical center of the crushing chamber, an offset in the shaft above said bearing, a bearing for the upper end yof the shaft located centrally above the crushing chamber, and the shaft center inclined from said offset to a point of convergence with the vertical center of the crushing chamber at or near said upper bearing, means for adjusting the shaft Ver tically consisting of a nut engaging the upper threaded end of the shaft and removable keys adapted to prevent, rotation of said nut, a bushing on the shaft having a flange, an outer bushing secured in the upper bearing, said nut adapted to engage the upper end of said flanged bushing and said Vflange adapted to bear on the upper end of said fixed bushing, said suspending means for the stationary crusher head section comprising a number of vertically disposed threaded rods, the lower end of each rod having rotatable connection with said crusher head section and said elevated bearing being provided with a threaded holel each adapted to'be engaged by one of said rods.

5. The structure specified in claim l, in which said means for rotating the Crusher head shaft comprises a gear suitably splined on the lower end of said shaft, a pinion meshing with said gear and mounted on a shaft rotated by a suitable source of power, a flange on the hub of said gear, a fixed anged member adapted to engage said hub flange to prevent vertical movement of the gear.

6. The combination with rock crusher having a downwardly tapering rock crush ing chamber and a 1vertically disposed shaft rotatable in said chamber, of a two part Crusher head mounted lon the shaft within saidn chamber, the upper part of said head suspended in non-rotatable position and engaging a fixed collar on the shaft to hold the shaft and the Crusher head in selective elevated positions.

7. The structure specified in claim l, in which said crushing member sections comprise jointly a cone-like crusher of which the lower section is removably fixed on the shaft on splines, said lower section comprising the main rock-crushing member, the lower end face of said member inclined and the perimetral sloping edge thereof in spaced relation to the inside wall surface ofthe hopper, said crusher head section lined on the shaft being of reduced diameter to form a hub below the said inclined face and leave an opening between said hub and the adjacent hopper wall to facilitate discharge of crushed rock to the outlet chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ALFRED MOLANDER. 

